Magnetic Effects Of Electric Current
(One Mark Question) Q.1 Why does the bulk of iron fillings stick to the ends of a bar magnet and not at its centre? Ans. Because at the ends magnetic strength is maximum and at centres magnetic strength is least. Q.2 If the frequency of A.C. is 50 Hz. Then how many times it is changing its direction in 1 second? Ans- 100 Times. Q.3 What is the pattern of the magnetic field lines around a straight conductor carrying current? Ans. Concentric circles Q.4 If the current is flowing in the direction of advancemet of screw, then what is the direction of magnetic field lines? Ans.In the direction of rotation of screw. Q.5 How can you say that the magnetic field is uniform inside the solenoid. Ans. Because field lines are parallel inside the solenoid. Q.6 Which property of a proton will change while it moves freely in a magnetic field? Ans. Momentum or Velocity. Q.7 According to Flemings right hand rule, which part of right hand indicate the movement of conductor? Ans. Thumb Q.8 If the no. of turns of a circular current carrying coil are doubled, then how will the magnetic field produced by it changes? Ans. Doubled Q.9 In which position the force on conductor is maximum when it is placed in uniform magnetic field? Ans. When conductor is Perpendicular to field Q-10 Suppose you are sitting in a room facing one of the wall. An electron beam moving horizontally from your back goes towards the wall in front you and is deflected to your left, what is the direction of magnetic field in the room? Ans. Vertically upward. Q-11 A current through a horizontal power line flows in north to south direction.What is the direction of magnetic field (i)at a point directly below it and (ii)at a point directly above it? Ans. (i) West to East (ii) East to West Q-12. Electric appliances like electric –press, toaster, fans etc are connected to electric mains through three-pin plug. Why ? Ans. Electric appliances are connected to three pin plug because heavy appliances require earth wire,so that in case of leakage of any current it goes to earth and user will not get shock. full study links
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1 MARKS QUESTIONS
1. A farmer floods his field everyday thinking that watering in this manner will result a better yield of his wheat crop. What will be the result of this action of the farmer. Ans.This will result in water logging of the soil due to which roots cannot breathe and ultimately plants will die . 2. Name the term for transport of food from leaves to other parts of plants. Ans.Translocation 3. Which pancreatic enzyme is effective in digesting proteins? Ans.Trypsin 4. Which enzyme is present in saliva breaks down starch? Ans.Salivary amylase. 5. After a vigorous exercise you may experience cramps in your leg muscles. Why does this happen? Ans.Accumulation of lactic acid 6. Name the organelle in which photosynthesis occurs. Ans.Chloroplast. 7. Name the type of blood vessels which carry blood from organs to the heart. Ans.Veins. 8. Name the respiratory structures of i.Mosquito ii)earth worm. Ans.i) mosquito—System of air tubes. ii)earth worm—moist skin. 9. Write the two functions of kidneys. Ans. Osmoregulation and excretion. 10. What are spiracles. Ans The holes found on the lateral side of insect‘s body.X Metal and Non Metal solved questions for class 10 1. Why can jewellery be made out of gold and silver easily? 2. Why do diamond and graphite have different physical properties? 3. Name any one metal that does not react with dilute H2SO4 to liberate H2. 4. Write the name given to the alloy of lead and tin that which is used for welding electrical wires together. 5. Name one non–metal with metallic luster. 6. Name the various types of ores from which metals are extracted. Which type of ore is the most common for most metals and why? 7. Why are metals used for making cooking vessels? Why copper and silver are most commonly used for making cooking vessels? 8. Define minerals, ore and gangue 9. Why do metals and non–metals react? Explain with the help of an example 10. What is the need of refining? What is electrolytic refining? SOLUTIONS 1. Because gold and silver are malleable and ductile. 2. Because the arrangement of atoms in the two is different. 3. Copper or silver 4. Solder 5. Iodine 6. The ores used in the extraction of metals are (i) oxide ore (ii) sulphate ore (iii) carbonate ore (iv) halide ore The ores of many metals exist as oxides. This is because oxygen is very reactive element and is present in a large amount on the earth. 07 Metals are generally good conductors of heat and have high melting points. So metals can withstand high temperature without melting. Metals are malleable thus, they can be given various shapes Silver and copper are best conductors of heat and they are malleable. Hence, they are preferred for making cooking vessels 08. Minerals: The elements or compounds, which occur naturally in the earth’s crust, are known as minerals. E.g. Magnesium oxide, ferrous oxide. Ores: At some places, minerals contain a very high percentage of a particular metal and the metal can be profitably extracted from it. These minerals are called ores. E.g. Ore of iron in hematite. Gangue: Ores mined from the earth are usually contaminated with large amounts of impurities such as soil, sand etc and are called gangue. E.g. gangue present along with hematite is silicon dioxide. 09. Metals are electropositive elements and have a tendency to lose electrons and acquire a positive charge while non–metals are electronegative elements and tend to gain electrons and acquire a negative charge. By doing this both metals and non metals attain the stable noble gas configuration. For the metals and non–metals to react, the electron lost by the metal atom will have to be gained by the non metal atom. The ions formed in this way are held together by strong electrostatic forces of attraction which results in the formation of ionic compounds. 10.The metals produced by various reduction processes are not pure. They contain impurities, which must be removed to obtain pure metals. The process of purification of metals is known as REFINING. Most widely used method for refining impure metals is electrolytic refining. Electrolytic refining means purification of metals by electrolysis. Many metals, such as copper, zinc, tin nickel, silver, gold etc are refined electrolytically. Click here for further study CBSE Extra Score Notes X Metals and Non Metals CBSE Class X Science Term-1
X Chemical reaction and Reactions X Acid, Base and Salts X Metal and Non Metals X Electricity (Electric Currents) X Magnetic Effects of Currents X Source of Energy X Biology term-1 10th Science NCERT Solutions Click to above Quick Link 1 marks questions (very short answer type question)
Q.1:- Name a metal which can be cut with a knife? Ans:- sodium Q.2:- Which metal is the best conductor of electricity? Ans:- silver Q.3 Which metal is poorest conductor of electricity? Ans:- iron Q.4 Which metal is most ductile? Ans.:- gold Q.5 Which metal is best conductor of heat ? ans:- silver(and copper) Q.6:- Which metal other than mercury is liquid at room temperature? Ans:- Gallium Q.7:- Which metal is poorest conductor of heat? Ans:- lead (and mercury) Q.8:- What is the nature of oxides of metal? Ans:- Basic Q.9:- What is the nature of oxides of non- metal? Ans:-Acidic Q10:-Which non-metal conduct electricity? Ans:-Graphite, allotrope of carbon conduct electricity. Q.11:- Which non-metal is lusturous? Ans:- iodine Q.12:- Why metals are hard and have high melting point? Ans:- Because of their crystalline structure metals are hard. Q.13:- What is an amalgam? Ans:- An alloy of two metals in which one is mercury is called amalgam. Q.14:- What are the constituents of solder? Ans:- tin and lead Q.15:- Name the green coloured compound which appears on the surface of copper utensils? Ans:- Basic copper carbonate 2 marks questions (short answer type question) Q.1:- What are amphoteric oxides? Give an example. Ans:- Oxides which react with both acids as well as bases to produce salt and water are called amphoteric oxides .for example:- Al2O3 . ZnO Q.2:- Name two metals that react with dil.HNO3 to evolve H2 gas ? Ans:- magnesium and manganese Q.3:- Why metals like potassium and sodium catch fire when treated with water? Ans:- The reaction between sodium and water is so violent that the H2 gas released catches fire . Reaction:- 2Na(s) + 2H2O(l) ----------> 2NaOH(aq) + H2(s) + heat energy Q.4:- Why sodium is kept immersed in kerosene oil? Ans:- This is because sodium react with air to form Na2O (sodium oxide). Q.5:- Which gas is produced when dil. HCl is added to a reactive metal? Write the chemical reaction when iron reacts with dil. H2SO4? Ans:- Hydrogen gas is produce when dil. HCl is added to a reactive metal. Fe(s) + H2SO4(dil.) ------> FeSO4(aq) +H2(g) Q.6:- What would you observe when zinc is added to a solution of iron(II) sulphate ?write the chemical reaction that takes place. Ans:- The solution of iron(II)sulphate slowly turns to colourless and grey coloured layer of Fe is deposited on the surface of zinc metal. Zn(s) + FeSO4(aq) -------> ZnSO4(aq) + Fe(s) Q.7:- Why the item made of silver turns black when exposed to air? Ans:- Hydrogen sulphide present in air react with silver and form silver sulphide which provide black colour to silver Ag + H2S ------> Ag2S Q. 8:- Why ionic compounds have high melting points? Ans:- Ionic solids have crystalline structure in which there is strong interionic attraction. So large amount of energy is needed to overcome this force of attraction. Q. 9:- What do you mean by roasting? How it is different from calcination? In which types of ores roasting is done? Ans:- Heating an ore strongly in excess of air is called roasting. This is done to convert sulphide ores into its oxide form. Calcination is different from roasting because it is done in absence of air. 2ZnS(s) + 3O2(g) heat -------> 2ZnO(s) + 2SO2 Q10:- Define :- (i) Ore, (ii) Mineral. Ans:- Ore:- The minerals from which an element can be extracted profitably and conveniently is called ore. E.g. - Bauxite, Al2O3.2H2O – is an ore of aluminum. Mineral:- The compounds of elements that occurs naturally in earth‘s crust are called minerals. E.g.- Glauber‘s salt Na2SO4.7H2O; Borax Na2B4O7.10H20 are two mineral sources of Sodium. Q.11:- Name two metals which are found in nature in the free state. Ans:- Silver and Gold. Q.12:- Define :- (i) Enrichment of Ores (ii) Gangue. Ans:- (i) Removal of earthly impurities like sand, clay from an ore is called enrichment of ore. (ii) The earthy impurities like sand, clay that are found along with an ore are called gangue or matrix. Q.13:- Write short notes on electrolytic refining of metals. Ans:- In electrolytic refining the impure metal is taken as anode and the pure metal is taken as cathode. These two rods are dipped in aqueous salt solution of the same metal and electricity is passed. Pure metal from anode is dissolved into the solution and equivalent amount of pure metal from the electrolyte is deposited at the cathode Q.14:- Name the conditions which are essential for corrosion. Ans:- (i) Presence of moisture, (ii) Presence of air. Q.15:- What is Galvanisation? Write its use. Ans:- Galvanisation is a method of protecting steel and iron from rusting by coating them with a thin layer of Zinc. Short Answer Type Questions:- (3 marks) Q.1:- Write suitable example, explain how a metal low in the activity series can be extracted? Ans:- Metals low in the activity series are less reactive. The oxides of these metals can be reduced to metals by heating alone. For example, extraction of Mercury (Hg) from Cinnabar (HgO). 2HgS(s) + 3O2(g) heat---------> 2HgO(s) + 2SO2(g) 2HgO(s) heat ----------------> 2Hg(l) + O2(g) Q.2:- Write three properties of ionic compounds. Ans:- (i) Ionic compounds have high melting points. (ii) Ionic compounds are soluble in water. (iii) Ionic compounds conduct electricity in aqueous and molten state. HOTS 1. What is anodizing? What is its use? Ans. The process of forming a thick oxide layer of aluminium oxide that makes it resistant to further corrosion. 2. What is aqua regia? What is its use? Ans. Aqua regia is a mixture of conc. HCl and conc. HNO3 in the ratio 3:1. It can dissolve gold and platinum. 3. What do you mean by thermite reaction? What is its use? Ans. The reaction between Iron(II) oxide Fe2O3 with Al is used to join rail track joints or cracked machine parts. This reaction is known as thermite reaction. Fe2O3 (s) + 2Al (s) 2Fe (l) + Al2O3 (s) + Heat 4. Why active metals do not liberate H2 gas when treated with dil. HNO3? Ans. This is because HNO3 is strong oxidizing agent. It oxidizes H2 produced to water and itself gets reduced to nitrogen oxides. 5. Sometimes the ore itself acts as a reducing agent. Give an example. Ans. During roasting of Cu2S, the ore itself acts as a reducing agent. 2CuS (s) + 3O2(g) → 2Cu2O(s) + 2SO2(g) 2Cu2O + Cu2S → 6Cu(s) + SO2(g) For more study material and Pdf material : Metal and Non Metal 1 MARKS QUESTIONS
1. A farmer floods his field everyday thinking that watering in this manner will result a better yield of his wheat crop. What will be the result of this action of the farmer. Ans.This will result in water logging of the soil due to which roots cannot breathe and ultimately plants will die . 2. Name the term for transport of food from leaves to other parts of plants. Ans.Translocation 3. Which pancreatic enzyme is effective in digesting proteins? Ans.Trypsin 4. Which enzyme is present in saliva breaks down starch? Ans.Salivary amylase. 5. After a vigorous exercise you may experience cramps in your leg muscles. Why does this happen? Ans. Accumulation of lactic acid 6. Name the organelle in which photosynthesis occurs. Ans.Chloroplast. 7. Name the type of blood vessels which carry blood from organs to the heart. Ans.Veins. 8. Name the respiratory structures of i.Mosquito ii)earth worm. Ans.i) mosquito—System of air tubes. ii)earth worm—moist skin. 9. Write the two functions of kidneys. Ans.Osmoregulation and excretion. 10. What are spiracles. Ans The holes found on the lateral side of insect‘s body. 2 marks questions answer 1.Differentiate autotrophs and heterotrophs. Ans.The organism which prepare their own food are called autotrophs for eg: green plants . The organisms which depend on the food prepared by other organisms are called heterotrophs for eg: animals 2.Differentiate between aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiratrion. Ans. Aerobic respiration It occurs in the presence of oxygen Glucose is completely broken down to carbon dioxide and water. More energy is released 38 ATP. Anaerobic respiration It occurs in the absence of oxygen. Glucose is incompletely oxidised to ethanol or lactic acid Less energy is produced 2ATP 3. Explain the role of the following in the process of digestion in the human body A) saliva B) trypsin Answer: a) Saliva contains an enzyme salivary amylase which digests starch b) trypsin.-helps in digestion of proteins. 4. What is double circulation.? Ans..In double circulation blood goes through the heart twice during each cycle in vertebrates. 5 Write any two points of difference between respiration in plants and respiration in animals. Respiration in plants.
Respiration in animals
6 Differentiate Holozoic nutrition and saprophytic nutrition. Answer: Holozoic nutrition In this nutrition organisms derive their food by consuming complex organic materials by the process of ingestion and then converting the complex molecules into simpler ones to obtain nutrients. Eg. animals and human beings. Saprophytic nutrition In this type of nutrition organism derive their food from the dead and decaying materials. Eg.fungi 7. Why do veins have thin walls compared to arteries? Ans: Veins do not have thick walls because blood is no longer under pressure but blood emerges from the heart under high pressure. So arteries have thick walls 8. Where do the plants get each of the raw materials? a) CO2 b) water c) minerals Ans. a) CO2 from air, b)water-from soil c)minerals-from soil along with water. 9. What do the following transport? a)xylem b phloem c) pulmonary vein d) venacava Ans. a) xylem-water and minerals b) phloem- prepared food. c) Pulmonary vein-oxygenated blood d) vena cava -deoxygenated blood 10. Write one function each of the following components of transport system in human beings. a)arteries b) veins c)capillaries ans: (a) arteries- carry blood from heart to different parts of body (b) veins-carry blood from different parts of body to the heart. c) Capillaries-exchange of material between blood and surrounding cells. 11. a) How is fat digested in our body? b) Where does this take place? Ans. A) fats are emulsified by bile salts. The emulsified fats are acted upon by pancreatic and intestinal lipase to form fatty acids and glycerol. b) digestion of fats occurs in small intestine. 3 MARKS QUESTIONS 1. What is the function of epiglottis in man? Draw a labeled diagram showing the human respiratory system. Epiglottis. It is an adjustable flap of fibro cartilage that covers glottis when food is being swallowed. Diagram of human reaspiratory system. Fig 6.9 (NCERT text book page no.104.) 3. What is known as double circulation Briefly explain the process . Ans.It is passage of the same blood twice through the heart first on the right side, then on the left side in order to complete one cycle. It has two components ,pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation. Hint. pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation 4.How water is transported upwards in plants? Answer: Transpiration in leaves creates pull force and osmosis creates push fore. These two forces together helps in the movement of water and minerals dissolved the leaves. 5. Name the tissue that transports the prepared food in plants . Explain the mechanism of transport of food in plants. Ans.: phloem Hint: translocation using energy from ATP. 6Briefly describe the excretory system in human beings. Hint a pair of kidneys a pair of ureters,a urinary bladder and a urethra. 7. Describe the functioning of nephrons. Ans: Functioning of Nephron (i). Filtration: Filtration of blood takes place in Bowman’s capsule from the capillaries of glomerulus. The filtrate passes into the tubular part of the nephron. This filtrate contains glucose, amino acids, urea, uric acid, salts and a major amount of water. (ii) Re-absorption: As the filtrate flows along the tubule useful substances such as glucose, amino acids, salts and water are selectively re-absorbed into the blood by capillaries surrounding the nephron tubule. The amount of water re-absorbed depends on the need of the body and also on the amount of wastes to be excreted. (iii) Urine: The filtrate which remains after re-absorption is called urine. Urine contains dissolved nitrogenous waste, i.e. urea and uric acid, excess salts and water. Urine is collected from nephrons by the collecting duct to carry it to the ureter. 8.What are the differences between the transport of materials in xylem and phloem hint transport in xylem: Ans: water transport using transpirational pull Transport in phloem: food, transport using energy from ATP 9. Lymph is another type of fluid involved in transportation. Justify the statement by two reason. Ans: 1. It drains tissue fluid from the extra cellular space back into blood. 2. it takes lymphocytes and antibodies from the lymph nodes to the blood. 3. Some of the fluid from digestive tract is absorbed in the lymph and store the fluid Temporarily. 10. differentiate between osmoregulation and excretion excretion is the elimination of metabolic waste products from the body. Ans: Osmoregulation is regulating osmotic pressure of the body fluids by controlling the amount of water and salts in the body 11. What is the function of liver in human body ans. : Liver. Secretes bile that emulsifies fats . Bile provide alkaline medium for digestion of proteins. For more study visit Life process extra score |
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